Chronic inflammations of the mucous membranes can result in the development of adenoids (polyps) in the paranasal sinuses. This condition is estimated to affect 3 to 5 % of the population.

Adenoids is the term used for glassy thickening of the mucous membranes, mostly developing in the ethmoid sinus, a specific section of the paranasal sinuses. From there, they protrude into the nasal passages and obstruct the airways. Several causes for the development of adenoids are known, but the exact mechanism of their development is not yet clear. The list of potential adenoid triggers is long.

Potential causes to be considered include swelling of the mucous membranes as the result of infections, allergies or toxicants, but also acetylsalicylic acid intolerance (as e.g. in Aspirin) as well as immune deficiencies or specific infections such as tuberculosis. Recent research also suggests antigens to certain bacteria (Staphylococci) or fungi as possible triggers.

For the treatment of adenoids, there are basically two options: treatment with cortisone nasal sprays and possibly also surgery.

Surgery in an endoscopic procedure opens the channel to the sinuses to permit ventilation and drainage of the secretion, while largely preserving the structure of the nose and the nasal mucous membranes. In severe cases, the surgical treatment creates the prerequisites for drug-based treatment. The latter counteracts inflammations in the nose and the paranasal sinuses and is a crucial factor in the success of the surgical intervention. It also protects against a recurrence of the adenoids.